@article {88, title = {Lyapunov-Designed Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for Wind Energy Conversion Optimization}, journal = {Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {60}, year = {2013}, month = {Feb}, pages = {538-545}, abstract = {

This work explores an adaptive second-order sliding mode control strategy to maximize the energy production of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) simultaneously reducing the mechanical stress on the shaft. Such strategy successfully deals with the random nature of wind speed, the intrinsic nonlinear behavior of the WECS, and the presence of model uncertainties and external perturbations acting on the system. The synthesized adaptive controller is designed from a modified version of the super-twisting (ST) algorithm with variable gains. The suitability of the proposed strategy is proved by extensive computer-aided simulations employing a comprehensive model of the system emulating realistic conditions of operation, i.e., considering variations in the parameters and including external disturbances. Additionally, a second controller based on the traditional ST algorithm is also designed and simulated. Results are presented and discussed in order to establish a comparison framework.

}, keywords = {adaptive control, adaptive second-order control strategy, Algorithm design and analysis, CAD, Computational modeling, control system synthesis, Control systems, direct energy conversion, extensive computer-aided simulations, external disturbances, external perturbations, Generators, intrinsic nonlinear behavior, Lyapunov methods, Lyapunov-designed super-twisting sliding mode control, mechanical stress reduction, model uncertainties, Sliding mode control, ST algorithm, suitability strategy, super-twisting (ST), system emulating realistic conditions, Torque, variable gains, variable structure systems, WECS, wind energy conversion optimization, wind power, Wind power generation, Wind speed, wind turbines}, issn = {0278-0046}, doi = {10.1109/TIE.2012.2188256}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6153362}, author = {Evangelista, Carolina A. and Puleston, Pablo F. and Valenciaga, Fernando and Fridman, Leonid M.} } @article {115, title = {2-sliding active and reactive power control of a wind energy conversion system}, journal = {Control Theory Applications, IET}, volume = {4}, year = {2010}, month = {November}, pages = {2479-2490}, abstract = {

This study presents the control of a variable-speed wind energy conversion system based on a brushless doubly fed reluctance machine. The control objectives are the tracking of the maximum power conversion point and the regulation of the reactive power injected by the generation system into the grid. The control design is approached using multi-input second-order sliding techniques which are specially appropriate to deal with non-linear system models in the presence of disturbances and model inaccuracies. The controller synthesised through this theoretical framework presents very good robustness features, a finite reaching time and a chattering-free behaviour. The performance of the closed-loop system is assessed through representative computer simulations.

}, keywords = {2-sliding active power control, 2-sliding reactive power control, brushless doubly fed reluctance machine, brushless machines, chattering-free behaviour, closed loop systems, closed-loop system, control design, control system synthesis, controller synthesis, generation system, grid, maximum power conversion point tracking, multiinput second-order sliding technique, Nonlinear control systems, nonlinear system model, Power conversion, power generation control, reactive power control, reactive power regulation, reluctance machines, representative computer simulation, variable structure systems, variable-speed wind energy conversion system, wind power}, issn = {1751-8644}, doi = {10.1049/iet-cta.2009.0437}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5645800}, author = {Valenciaga, Fernando and Evangelista, Carolina A.} } @conference {91, title = {Variable gains super-twisting control for wind energy conversion optimization}, booktitle = {Variable Structure Systems (VSS), 2010 11th International Workshop on}, year = {2010}, month = {June}, abstract = {

An adaptive second order sliding mode control strategy is explored in this work, to maximize the energy extracted from the wind in a wind energy conversion system (WECS). It is required to such strategy to deal with the nonlinear nature of the WECS, the randomness of the wind speed, model uncertainties and external disturbances, and also with the need to reduce mechanical loads. The special features of this adaptive technique together with the robustness, relative simplicity and other desirable inherent characteristics of the super-twisting algorithm make the proposed controller an attractive solution. The suitability of the proposed strategy is proved by extensive computer aided simulations employing a comprehensive model of the system.

}, keywords = {adaptive control, adaptive second order sliding mode control, Computational modeling, computer aided simulation, Computer Simulation, control system synthesis, Gain, Lyapunov based controller design, Lyapunov methods, nonlinear systems, optimisation, Programmable control, Robust control, Sliding mode control, Uncertainty, variable gain super twisting control, variable structure systems, Wind energy, wind energy conversion optimization, wind power, Wind speed}, doi = {10.1109/VSS.2010.5544713}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=5544713}, author = {Evangelista, Carolina A. and Puleston, Pablo F. and Valenciaga, Fernando and D{\textquoteright}ávila, A.} } @conference {104, title = {A Geometric Approach for the Design of MIMO Sliding Controllers. Application to a Wind Driven Double Output Induction Generator}, booktitle = {Variable Structure Systems, 2006. VSS{\textquoteright}06. International Workshop on}, year = {2006}, month = {June}, abstract = {

This paper presents a systematic methodology to design controllers for a general class of nonlinear MIMO systems affine in the control in the presence of bounded uncertainties and disturbances. The proposed design method is developed through a theoretical framework based on the combination of a geometric approach and sliding mode techniques. The resulting robust control law guarantees finite time convergence, while chattering reduction is attained by utilising the minimum discontinuous action required to ensure disturbance rejection. The proposed methodology is applied to the control of a grid connected wind energy generation system based on a double output induction generator

}, keywords = {asynchronous generators, chattering reduction, control system synthesis, Control systems, controller design, Convergence, Design methodology, finite time convergence, geometric approach, grid connected wind energy generation system, Induction generators, MIMO, MIMO sliding mode controllers, MIMO systems, Nonlinear control systems, nonlinear MIMO systems, power generation control, Robust control, Sliding mode control, Uncertainty, variable structure systems, wind driven double output induction generator, Wind energy generation, wind power}, doi = {10.1109/VSS.2006.1644503}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=1644503}, author = {Valenciaga, Fernando and Puleston, Pablo F. and Spurgeon, Sarah} } @article {63, title = {Dynamical variable structure controller for power regulation of wind energy conversion systems}, journal = {Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {19}, year = {2004}, month = {Dec}, pages = {756-763}, abstract = {

The paper addresses the problem of output power regulation of fixed-pitch variable-speed wind energy conversion systems. Operation is constrained by practical reasons to the low-speed side of the turbine power-speed curve. Unfortunately, this region is characterized by a nonminimum phase dynamics which is an obstacle to perform the regulation task. A dynamical variable structure controller is developed that accomplishes the control objective despite this limitation. The proposed control strategy presents attractive features such as robustness to parametric uncertainties of the turbine and generator as well as to electric grid disturbances.

}, keywords = {65, Aerodynamics, Control systems, dynamical variable structure controller, electric grid disturbance, Electric variables control, Induction generators, Mesh generation, nonminimum phase dynamic, parametric uncertainty, Power control, Power generation, power generation control, power regulation, power supply quality, power system dynamic stability, power system interconnection, speed curve, turbine power, variable structure systems, Wind energy, wind energy conversion system, Wind energy generation, wind power, Wind speed, wind turbines}, issn = {0885-8969}, doi = {10.1109/TEC.2004.827705}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=1359955}, author = {De Battista, Hern{\'a}n and Mantz, Ricardo J.} }